The university's plan has been approved by the Department for Education and the new trust is inviting discussions with all types of infant, primary and secondary schools interested in becoming academies.
Three schools in the region have already recently launched consultations on proposals to become academies as part of the new trust.
The move by the university builds on its successful sponsorship of six primary and two secondary schools within the Hastings Academies Trust, a trust launched in 2008.
The Hastings and St Leonards academies replaced three under-performing secondary schools in the town but, as academies, they were among the first in the country to be rated as 'good' within two years of opening by Ofsted.
The new University of Brighton Academies Trust aims to enhance the performance of schools in the Sussex region which already achieve good results and improve the performance of others.
The three schools currently consulting on proposals to join the new trust are Holmbush Primary School, in Shoreham-by-Sea; Lindfield Primary School and Blackthorns Community Primary School, both in Lindfield near Haywards Heath. All three are rated 'good' by Ofsted.
As part of the consultation process, parents, carers, staff and members of local communities are being asked for their views on proposals agreed by the schools' governing bodies.
Professor Julian Crampton, the University of Brighton’s Vice-Chancellor, said:
"We will help build on the strengths of schools which join the trust by providing opportunities for sharing good practice and by working together we aim to make further improvements to children’s educational achievements.
"With five campuses in Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings, the University of Brighton provides education to over 21,000 students and we have been training and educating teachers for more than 100 years. Our work in teacher education provision has been rates 'outstanding' by Ofsted.
"We want to share this expertise and our education research with new academies to benefit pupils and staff."
Professor Crampton said the not-for-profit trust will work collaboratively with school colleagues.
"Our academies are locally managed and decision making will be delegated to local governing bodies.
"We seek to place academies at the heart of communities and we will rigorously challenge and support academies to be the best they can be.
"Schools will work to our Quality Framework and we will support the schools to develop the best curriculum for their pupils and students. The trust will support the local governing bodies and senior leadership to run the academies.
"Schools joining the trust will have access to high-quality teacher training and development, to world-class education research, and they will be given advice and support on how to make real improvements for pupils and students."